I'm not sure if this is caused by a missing package or something, but it doesn't seem so. I tried this with mainline MAME 0.137 and 0.138 with the same problem. I can compile this on another 64bit architecture and same version of Ubuntu. (and same GCC package version, but different architecture)
Any ideas?

mame@MAME:~/mame0138$ make
Compiling src/emu/cpu/tms57002/tms57002.c...
{standard input}: Assembler messages:
{standard input}:1771: Warning: end of file not at end of a line; newline inserted
{standard input}:3601: Error: suffix or operands invalid for `xor'
{standard input}:3601: Error: open CFI at the end of file; missing .cfi_endproc directive
gcc: Internal error: Killed (program cc1plus)
Please submit a full bug report.
See <[url=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.4/README.Bugs][url=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.4/README.Bugs][url=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.4/README.Bugs]file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.4/README.Bugs[/url][/url][/url]> for instructions.
make: *** [obj/sdl/mame/emu/cpu/tms57002/tms57002.o] Error 1

Which arch are you trying to build for?

I just got similar errors when trying to update the Fedora package to 0.139, on both rawhide and Fedora 13. u4 built fine, was there a change in src/emu/cpu/tms57002/tms57002.c since then?

That error means either your GCC is broken or you have bad RAM. Latest builds beautifully for me on up2date Fedora 13 x64.

Someone might actually tell me if the file indicated is missing a CR/LF at the end too.

FWIW, I've had no problems with 0.139 on openSUSE 11.2 x64.

I was recently building MAME 0.138 with the Intel C++ compiler on Windows and got an interesting message that maybe relevant.

Compiling src/emu/cpu/tms57002/tms57002.c...
tms57002.c
An internal threshold was exceeded for routine ?cpu_execute_tms57002@@YAHPEAVrun
ning_device@@H@Z and optimization level may be reduced. See http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/internal-threshold-was-exceeded for more information and ad
vice.

Well, I requeued the builds and now they went fine. Strange.